Read this about Sonar history...
Sonar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Then read this about how piezoes are made and how they work...
http://www.airmartechnology.com/uplo...Operations.pdf
Then read this (kinda skim over the mathematic equation stuff and read the rest)..
http://www.marinop.it/pdf_doc/Transducer%20Design.pdf
Then read this about Side Scan Sonar history...
Side-scan sonar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Once you understand how (and why) Sonar came about...
And then have a basic understanding of how piezoes perform the following 2 functions...:
*Change electrical energy (signal)...into mechanical energy (vibration) =......this is the transmit (ping)..
*Change the received echo (vibration) ...into the returned electrical energy (signal) =this is the return echo data...
Then most everything else is just learning the different features that each brand puts into their products...
Rickie