Busch wildlife area - lake 33, 35, 34, 6, 32(?), I've had decent success on all those lakes, not big ones, but usually can bring home enough for a meal. Probably about 1/2 hr away from you.
Simpson lake - it's ok, not a great place, next to MSD, not sure if I'd eat anything from there. But at times have caught nice crappie, and nice bass from there. I've already boated 3 bass over 17.5" early this year, and have caught a few small crappie. Need a boat, never caught anything from the banks.
If you know a homeowner at Lake St. Louis, went there a couple of years ago, when a friend used to live there and we caught a bunch around docks early in the year.
If the Meramac is normal, there are places near Geo Winter Park that can be productive. Have only fished it once in the last 10 years and was it was a bust. Years prior, I could catch a few.
I used to have good success near dresser island in west alton years ago, haven't been there for a long time. Actually did well in the fall when building duck blinds. Plus the water is more stable that time of year.
Just across the River, you have Carlyle, and you can fish from the bank below the spillway with success.
Kaskaskia River, you need a boat.
Horseshoe Lake you need a boat.
Also, if you want to bass fish, the park in Des Pere, by Ballas and Manchester, I witnessed a guy throwing a spinner bait and catching a 14" and a 15" bass. He told me it's a great early morning place for bass fishing if you just want to get out for an hour or two. I've never tried it, but I don't live far from there.
Hope that helps.