It depends on the problem. If the charger had a fault that increases the current draw above the 15 or 20 amp house/shop circuit breaker while plugged in and charging, then yes it will trip that breaker.
If the short happens on the output side of the charger, it’s possible that the house circuit breaker wouldn’t react in time to prevent damage to the charger. That’s why they add the fuses on the output.
Sent from my iPhone using Crappie.com