Cast iron takes a while to heat up and once it starts it will jump quick just like you experienced. Need to let it warm up untill you see grease starting to roll cut back flame a little, let it settle down then put probe in and let it stay there for a bit. When you drop fish temp will drop just a bit and then recover quickly. Get one of those long probe thermometers with the clip to put on side of pot. About 7-8 bucks at WM. Don't let probe touch bottom of pot. Take your time with cast iron.
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Charlie Weaver USN/ENC 1965-1979