I just posted much of the following to another thread in this forum, but I've added a bit here...
Hickory (Carya sp.) is my favorite crappie tree because it's twigs terminate at 1/2", it lasts 3-6 years as a brushpile, and best of all, a healthy live-cut hickory doesn't need weight to sink--just drag and drop!
Oak (Quercus sp.) is nice, but it takes weight to sink it and more processing than Carya.
Another self-sinking green-cut tree is the shorter lived but more renewable Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). It will only last a couple years as a brush pile, but it will produce stump sprouts that can be re-cut every 7-10 years (or forgotten to become the native beauty nature intended it to become). Count the rings on a fresh-cut hickory and contrast that to a sycamore!
In many midwestern impounds, Osage Orange (Maclura pomifera) is present as standing timber, washed up on banks (petrified roots and all), or as living shore trees. This tree will last indefinately--at least 30 years--in the water. It is common to find the thorns still present on Maclura pomifera that has been flooded and dead for 30+ years. After having used these trees as brushpiles, I would best describe them as investment structure. It is one of the most difficult (and and painful) species to process; and you may find your saw a bit duller after cutting it. But remove the twigs and find the "right spot" for it--it could potentially remain the "right spot" for the remainder of your fishing days. A live-cut Maclura won't take too much effort to sink, but a dead and/or washed up tree will take an exorbitant amount of weight to secure to the lake floor.
When I and my father sink brush, we weight it down with a "half" foundation block. It is half the size of a full block and has only one hole. We target trees with butt ends fitting the hole. All we do is slide the block over the butt end, tie a slip knot to the tree, drag and drop. We've never lost a block this way. We've never needed more than one block to take down a 20'+ live cut tree.
Generally trees with compound leaves have a coarser structure (fewer and thicker twigs)than simple leafed trees. This is convenient for me because I prefer to remove all the twigs less than 3/4" dia. before I haul it into the lake. This reduces the amount of snags and frustration--as well as the leverage that a snagged hook has to break off a branch entirely. I also feel that coarser brush piles hold larger fish (can't really prove it though).
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